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In order to reduce Tempdb contention one of  the best practices is to maintain multiple sized Tempdb data files, matching the number of processors and up to a maximum of 8. In this post I will show you T-SQL script to identify current Tempdb configuration and number of logical processors along with adding additional Tempdb data files as required.

Script 1: Find current tempdb configuration

select DB_NAME(mf.database_id) database_name
, mf.name logical_name, mf.file_id
, CONVERT (DECIMAL (20,2)
, (CONVERT(DECIMAL, size)/128)) as [file_size_MB]
, CASE mf.is_percent_growth
WHEN 1 THEN 'Yes'
ELSE 'No'
END AS [is_percent_growth]
, CASE mf.is_percent_growth
WHEN 1 THEN CONVERT(VARCHAR, mf.growth) + '%'
WHEN 0 THEN CONVERT(VARCHAR, mf.growth/128) + ' MB'
END AS [growth_in_increment_of]
, CASE mf.is_percent_growth
WHEN 1 THEN CONVERT(DECIMAL(20,2)
,(((CONVERT(DECIMAL, size)*growth)/100)*8)/1024)
WHEN 0 THEN CONVERT(DECIMAL(20,2)
, (CONVERT(DECIMAL, growth)/128))
END AS [next_auto_growth_size_MB]
, physical_name from sys.master_files mf
where database_id =2 and type_desc= 'rows'

Script 2: Find number of logical processors

SELECT cpu_count AS logicalCPUs FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info

Script 3: Add tempdb data files as per processor count from the above query

ALTER DATABASE tempdb ADD FILE ( NAME = N'tempdev2',
FILENAME = N'D:\DBA\Data\tempdev2.ndf' , SIZE =8MB , FILEGROWTH = 5MB) --<<--Update the data file location/Size/AutoGrowth
GO

ALTER DATABASE tempdb ADD FILE ( NAME = N'tempdev3',
FILENAME = N'D:\DBA\Data\tempdev3.ndf' , SIZE =8MB , FILEGROWTH = 5MB)--<<--Update the data file location/Size/AutoGrowth
GO
---ETC, add files as per processors count

Reboot/Restart of SQL services is not required for making the tempdb changes. Here is a great post that explains how to best remove extra Tempdb files.

For more information:

• TempDB Monitoring and Troubleshooting: Allocation Bottleneck
• SQL Server TempDB – Number of Files – The Raw Truth
• Managing TempDB in SQL Server: TempDB Configuration